Manufacture of carriage-axles



(No Model.)

0. O. HALL.

MANUFACTURE OF CARRIAGE AXLES.

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ORLANDO CLIFFORD HALL, OF VILKES'BARRE, PENNSYLVANIA.

v MANUFACTURE OF OARRlAGE-AXLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 602,940, dated April 26, 1898. Application filed September 5, 1389. Serial No. 328,079. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ORLANDO CLIFFORD HALL, of WVilkes-Barr, in the county of Luzerne and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in the Manufacture of Carriage-Axles, which is fully set forth in the following specification.

Heretofore in the manufacture of carriageaxles it has been customary to subject the bar (axle-blank) to several operations for forming each axle-arm, collar, and shoulder.

The object of my invention is to obviate the expense and slowness which result from the multiple-step processes and perform the entire roughing and shaping of the bar end at one operation by the employment of suitable gripping, upsetting, and shaping dies.

In carrying out my invention I employ a round bar or axle-blank of suitable form in cross section and a pair of gripping-dies, which are adapted to grasp the axle-bar justbelow the place where the collar is to be formed, and which dies, when closed upon the bar, form a female die for the upsetting or male die, and in combination with such gripping-dies I employ an upsetting-die, which has a movement at right angles to the gripping-dies. These gripping-dies operate to hold the bar firmly with its end projecting for the reception of the upsetting-die, and then the upsetting-die is caused to move down upon the end of said bar, upsetting it to form the collar and shoulder and simultaneously impart a taper to the arm of the axle soformed. It will thus be seen that at one operation I perform the entire shaping of the end of the axle in the rough, bringing it to a condition in which it can be readily finished in the lathe or other turning-tool with a mini mum amount of labor, if such final finish is required.

This application has particular reference to the method of making axles, as the dies form subject'matter of another pending application bearing even date with this.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevation, with part in section, of dies for carrying out my improved process in connection with a round blank or bar and shows the position of the various dies before being closed upon the axle-bar. Fig. 2is asimilar view of same,

showing the dies after being closed upon the bar and forming the axle end; and Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a modified form of upsetting-die.

A and A are gripping and collar-forming dies, of which preferably one alone, A, is movable. These dies have lower gripping parts J which when together grasp the round axle-bar E to hold it firmly, and upper parts J, which form a cup-shaped receptacle, which is adapted to act as a female die with respect to the male or upsetting die B. hen the bar E is in place between the dies A A there is an annular space all around the upper part of the bar and which space by the operation of the male die B is only partly filled thereby, leaving space in which the metal of the bar may flow in the upsetting action for the formation of the collar, as will be seen by examining Fig. 2. v

The male or upsetting die B is made cylindrical outside and has a tapered hole R, which is shaped to correspond to the finished forging of the axle-arm. This die B is held in a reciprocating head 0, working in guides S S on the main frame of the machine.

It is immaterial what the construction of the apparatus may be which operates the dies, as any of the well-known types of presses are readily adapted to the purpose of holding and operating the dies employed by me in carrying out my improved method of making axles.

In operation the upsetting-die B is raised and the dies A A are separated, as shown in Fig. 1. The axle-bar E is then inserted, as shown, and the die A moved so as to grasp and hold it firmly in conjunction with the die A Immediately upon being so held the male or upsetting die B is caused to descend upon the end of the bar E. The end of said bar E is thus received within the hole or recess R of the die B, and upon descent of said die the end of the recess R in contact with the end of the bar applies an upsetting or endwise pressure, by which the metal of the bar is caused to assume the shape of the space between and within the dies A, A and B, as shown in Fig. 2. This action of the dies imparts a taper to the arm E and accurately forms the journal and all the faces of the collar E and preferably causing it to round or taper off at the rear to impart strength. The end of the bar E which enters the die Bis of a diameter equal to or less than the larger end of the opening to the recess or hole R of the die, but should not be greater. The axleblank is heatedin the usual manner before being subjected to the action of the dies.

It will be understood that the bars to be upset are cut to a predetermined length and that the bar is arranged through the grippingdies far enough to give suflicien't stock to form the collar E If desired, the dies A A may be cut off on the line 2 2, Fig. 1, and the upsetting-die shown in Fig. 3 used in place of the similar die shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This die of Fig. 3 has its lower end formed with a recess I, which is shaped to correspond to the collar E to be formed on the axle. When using this die, the collar is mainly formed within the male die, as distinguished from being formed within the female die, as in Figs. 1 and 2. While the upper parts of the gripping-dies A A are preferably extended to form a deep female die, yet it is evident that the recessed parts J of these dies might only extend upward to the line 1 on Fig. 1. Iprefer, however, to make them as shown.

I do not here claim the features set forth in my application Serial No. 375,060.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The machine for making axles from a bar or blank provided with dies recessed to form both the tapering journal and the collar thereof, one of the dies constructed to receive the bar and hold it'during the longitudinal movement of the other die, the journal-die having a tapering recess which except at the mouth issmaller in diameter than the axlebar, substantially as described.

2. Forming the collar and journal of an axle simultaneously by subjecting the end of a bar to endwise pressure to impart the form to the journal and collar by upsetting the bar, substantially as described.

0. CLIFFORD HALL.

Vitnesses:

N. P. H. HUGUS, O. H. GILLANE. 

